A. Old records
Inscriptions, government reports and colonial ethnography.
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thurston, E. & Rangachari, K. (1909). Castes and Tribes of Southern India. Madras Government Press | Printed book (public domain) | 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 12 | I read the article “Sale” in full. I could not open the full text of the separate article “Padma Sale”; I used only search snippets. The colonial ethnographic viewpoint of the 1900s; its measurements and classifications are not accepted. | The article “Sale” (Wikisource) Volume 6 (Gutenberg) Volume 6 (Internet Archive) |
| Copper plates of Uttama Chola (Madras Museum), 10th c. | Inscription / copper plate | 7, 8 | I have not seen the original directly; I know it through a researcher’s note and a blog post. It is not certain that the “Saliyar” are indeed Padmasaliyar. | — |
| Vizagapatam Gazetteer, 1907; Madras report on the famine of 1896–97; Census of 1901 | Government records | 7, 12 | Only through what is quoted in Thurston’s work; I have not seen the original records directly. | — |
B. Research works and interviews
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ramaswamy, Vijaya. Textiles and Weavers in Medieval South India. Oxford University Press (1985; second edition 2006) | Research work | 7, 8, 11 | I have not seen the book; I know it only through an interview and encyclopaedia entries that cite it. The passages on the Padmasaliyar must be verified directly. | Book record (CiNii) |
| “Kanchipuram Handlooms: In Conversation with Prof Vijaya Ramaswamy”, Sahapedia | Interview | 7, 8 | The note on Chola-period inscriptions; the Saliyar quarters of Kanchipuram; the mention of the Padmasaliyar and Nalli Kuppuswami. | Sahapedia |
| The list of 101 gotras on the home page (earlier marked as “University of Hyderabad thesis TH12178”) | Community compilation | 10 | TH12178 is Kone Lingaiah’s thesis “Textile Art: Tradition and Changes in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh” (2021). It could not be confirmed whether this list is in it. | — |
C. Encyclopaedias
These are guiding sources only, not final evidence.
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wikipedia: Padmasali (caste) | Encyclopaedia (secondary) | 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11 | Notes on the community’s name, its spread, “Saliyar Street” in Kanchipuram, the Mahasabha and the guru Tata Acharya. A site edited by the public; the main claims must be verified in a primary source. | Padmasali |
| Wikipedia: Saliya; List of Telugu castes | Encyclopaedia (secondary) | 8, 13 | Quotations from Ramaswamy on the Saliyar; the entry names for Padmashali in the Telangana list. | Saliya List of Telugu castes |
D. Community compilations and organisations
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tirupati Padmashali Seva Sangham: 101 gotras (from the Sri Padmasali Vamsavruksham) | Community compilation (Telugu) | 10 | Gotra names and family names; a second source for comparison. | mutyam.in |
| Telangana Padmashali Udyogula Sangham: history page (Telugu) | Page of a community organisation | 2, 10 | The note on 8 divisions and 4 mathas; 101 + Markandeya = 102 gotras; names by type of work. The correct address must be added (it is on the home page of this site). | — |
| padmashali.ca; North America Padmashali Association; Padmasali International Welfare Association (PIWA) | The organisations’ own statements | 2, 10, 14 | What they say about themselves; not separately verified. | — |
| “MAARKANDEYA MAHA RUSHI GOTHRAM — List of all Padmasali Surnames” (PDF, 220 pages, Excel sheet, 2019) | An individual’s compilation (family name – gotra) | 10 | About 7,900 rows; 185 spellings, about 166 distinct names. No source, year or method is given; the count is mine. | — (a file received from you) |
| Padmasali Kulapurana (the traditional lineage purana) | Kulapurana | 2, 3, 11 | I have not yet seen a copy; known through community websites, encyclopaedia and articles. | — |
E. Statistics and government records
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Telangana SEEEPC Survey 2024 (news reports and encyclopaedia page) | Government survey | 13 | Coverage 96.9%; Padmashali in the BC-B group; there are criticisms too. I took the figure “11.82 lakh (3.3%)” from a news report; its link must be added. | Encyclopaedia page South First AIR: expert group report Criticisms (Mooknayak) |
| Backward Classes lists of the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Central Government | Government list | 6, 13 | The single entry “Saliyar, Padmasaliyar, Pattusaliyar, Pattariyar, Adhaviyar”. A link to the official document must be added. | — |
| Fourth All India Handloom Census 2019–20 (PIB), media articles | Government / media | 13 | Number of weavers, the decline, the fall in looms in the Telugu states. Links must be added. | — |
F. Art, trade, temple
| Source | Category | Chapters | Note | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Art and news articles on lotus-fibre weaving (Inle Lake, Manipur) | News / art | 4 | Links must be added. | — |
| Google Arts & Culture: Kanchipuram silk; news on the history of the Nalli firm and the Padma awards | Arts institution / news | 7, 9, 13 | Links must be added. | — |
| Accounts of the Bhavanarayana temples at Bapatla and Sarpavaram | Temple history | 9 | The founding years differ between sources; a link with the Padmasaliyar is not confirmed. | — |